Tennis balls all look alike, but they are made for different courts, conditions and players. Using the right ball makes the game more consistent and saves money.
Pressurized or pressureless?
Most balls used in matches are pressurized: the core contains gas at higher pressure than the air, which gives a lively bounce and good feel. Once the can is opened, they slowly lose pressure and go “flat”, usually within a few weeks of play.
Pressureless balls get their bounce from a thicker rubber core. They feel heavier and harder on the arm, but last much longer, which makes them popular for ball machines, practice baskets and occasional players.
Regular or extra duty felt
- Extra duty balls have thicker felt that resists wear on abrasive hard courts.
- Regular duty balls have thinner felt for clay and indoor courts; on hard courts they wear out quickly. On clay, extra duty balls tend to pick up too much clay and become heavy.
Use extra duty on outdoor hard courts and regular duty on clay. All-court balls aim to work reasonably on both.
High altitude and special balls
At high altitude, the thinner air makes standard balls fly fast. High-altitude balls (with lower internal pressure) restore normal playing speed. The ITF also approves balls of different speeds (Type 1 fast, Type 2 medium, Type 3 slow) to adjust play on very slow or very fast surfaces.
Balls for children and beginners
Junior programs use lower-compression balls: red (largest, slowest), orange and green (closer to a regular ball). They bounce lower and slower, which makes rallies easier for young players and beginners. Many adult beginners also benefit from starting with green-dot balls.
How long do balls last?
Recreational players often use the same balls for several sessions, which is fine for practice. For matches, open a new can. A ball that has lost its bounce or has bald felt changes the game and can increase arm strain. Pressurized ball savers (containers that keep balls under pressure) can extend their life.
Recycling
Old balls can be recycled through some programs or reused for dog toys, chair feet or practice. For other equipment choices, see choosing a tennis racquet; for the courts these balls are made for, tennis court surfaces.
