Most owners will tell you their pet makes them happier. Research supports some of the benefits, with nuances: studies often show associations rather than proof that pets cause better health.
Companionship and mood
Pets offer affection, routine and a reason to get up in the morning. Many people, especially those living alone, say a pet reduces loneliness. The CDC notes that pets can increase opportunities for exercise, outdoor activity and socialization, and may help manage loneliness and depression.
Physical activity
Dog owners, on average, walk more than people without dogs. A daily walk is good for both of you, see daily walks for dogs.
Heart health
The American Heart Association has said that owning a pet, particularly a dog, is probably associated with reduced cardiovascular risk, while cautioning that people should not adopt a pet only for that reason. The research is observational: active, healthy people may also be more likely to own dogs.
Social connection
Dogs are conversation starters. Walks, dog parks and training classes create contact with neighbors and other owners, see how to find a good dog park.
For children
Caring for a pet can teach responsibility, empathy and routine. Some research suggests early exposure to dogs or cats is linked to a lower risk of allergies in some children, but results are mixed, see pet allergies. Always supervise young children with animals, see preparing a pet for a new baby.
Therapy and service animals
Trained service dogs help people with disabilities, and therapy animals are used in hospitals, schools and care homes. This is a specialized role, different from owning a pet.
The other side
A pet is a commitment for 10 to 20 years (much longer for some birds and tortoises):
- Cost: food, vet care, vaccines, parasite prevention, grooming, boarding, and emergencies that can cost thousands of dollars, see how to choose pet insurance.
- Time: walks, play, training and care every day.
- Housing: pet restrictions and deposits when renting, see finding a pet-friendly apartment.
- Health risks: allergies, bites, and zoonotic infections, which are rare but more serious for young children, pregnant women and people with weakened immunity. Washing hands after handling pets, their food and waste reduces the risk.
Choose a species and breed that fits your lifestyle, budget and home. If you are not sure, fostering for a shelter is a good way to try.
